by Mental health disorders affect millions of people around the world. A 2017 study by the Indian Council of Medical Research found that mental disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders affected 45.7 million and 44.9 million people in India, respectively. This means that one in seven Indians suffer from mental health problems. Despite the fact that it is so common, people suffering from mental health problems choose not to talk openly about their illness and do not pay enough attention to it. This can only make your condition worse. The first step toward treatment is recognizing these mental disorders.
On the occasion of World Mental Health Day, Health Shots spoke to Dr Kedar Tilwe, Consultant Psychiatrist, Fortis Hospital Mulund and Hiranandani Hospital, Vashi, Mumbai, to know more about some of the mental health disorders the most common and their symptoms.
Common mental disorders
Here are 7 common mental disorders you should be aware of:
1. Depression
One of the most common mental disorders, depression, is characterized by pervasive sadness, decreased interest in previously enjoyable activities, sleep disturbances, ideas of helplessness, hopelessness and worthlessness, as well as thoughts or attempts of self-harm. This can interfere with daily functioning, affecting sleep, appetite and energy levels. Although its intensity can range from mild to moderate or severe, it is usually treated with a combination of supervised pharmacotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), medications, and lifestyle changes.
2. Anxiety disorder
“Anxiety disorders can range from severe disproportionate anxiety or fear, which may be precipitated in response to a situation (specific phobia), to the anticipation of panic episodes (panic attack disorder). , agoraphobia) or multiple small, non-specific worries (generalized anxiety). disorder),” says Dr. Tilwe. In a person suffering from any form of anxiety disorder, it is essential to rule out underlying medical conditions such as hypertension and thyroid disorders, or diabetes, as comorbidities may arise. Therapy, medications, and relaxation techniques can also help manage anxiety.
3. Stress disorder
Stress disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), result from exposure to traumatic events. Flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety are all possible symptoms. These disorders often develop as a result of trauma, such as combat experiences, accidents, or abuse. A combination of supervised drug therapy, CBT, and appropriate lifestyle changes will help deal with these disorders.
Read also : Mental Health Disorders in Children: Know the Warning Signs You Need to Watch For
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4. Substance abuse
“Although tobacco and alcohol abuse are the most common substance use disorders, addiction to cannabis, opioids, inhalants, benzodiazepines, and hallucinogens is also called drug addiction. These are psychotropic medications that can lead to a high level of dependence and have dangerous physical and psychological consequences,” adds Dr Tilwe. This is why proper supervised addiction treatment, depending on the drug, motivational interviewing, and group therapy will help addicts kick the habit.
5. Eating Disorders
Eating disorders like anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder involve unhealthy relationships with food and body image. People with eating disorders may restrict their food intake, eat excessively, or exercise excessively. Dr Tilwe says: “These disorders are often linked to societal pressures and psychological factors. Treatment includes therapy, nutritional counseling and medical monitoring.
6. Childhood disorders
These disorders include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), learning disabilities, autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability, which can affect a child’s emotional, behavioral and social development. All of these disorders require medical intervention and prompt diagnosis, as early diagnosis and treatment can have a significant impact on the prognosis.
Read also : 7 Self-Care Tips to Improve Your Mental Health
7. Bipolar disorder
Bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic-depressive illness, is characterized by extreme mood swings between mania and depression. People experiencing manic episodes may feel elated, have more energy, and engage in risky activities. Depressive episodes are characterized by feelings of helplessness and exhaustion. Bipolar disorder can be caused by genetics, brain chemistry, and life events. Medication and therapy are common treatments for stabilizing mood.
In today’s world, apart from these mental health disorders, it is also essential to be aware of cell phone addictions, video game addictions, selfie addictions and internet addictions/abuse. because they can also harm your mental health!
